Campaign Finance Reform Impacting the Way Your Business Contributes

Changes Effective March 2005

 

By Public Policy Advocates LLC (January 2005)

April 2005 *** Portions of HB 1 with regard to unions and PCE were reinstated before the bill became effective in March****

 

As the new 126th General Assembly settles into their offices, many new members, like most companies and political action committees, are sorting through the changes that will occur this March with regard to Campaign Finance.  On March 30, 2005, Campaign Finance Laws inOhio will change due to the recent enactment of House Bill 1.  Governor Taft called a rare Special Session of the 125th General Assembly to pass campaign finance reform before the end of the 2004.  On Friday, December 17, 2004 the Senate passed Amended Substitute House Bill 1, and the House approved the Senate amendments, sending a somewhat controversial campaign finance bill to the Governor.  Governor Taft signed the measure on Thursday, December 30, 2004.

 

In response to alleged fundraising improprieties that involve a few professional campaign fundraising strategists, there was a call for transparency in the campaign finance process.  Many Republicans proposed full-disclosure and unlimited contributions.  Many members believe the contribution limits were not in line with the expense required to run an effective campaign,  creating a perception that illegal activities are widespread in fundraising.

 

In an effort to move toward full-transparency, all contributors must disclose their addresses and employers.  In addition to the Pre- and Post-Primary and General Election reporting, as well as an Annual report, a mid-year, July 30th, filing was included in the reform.  Many reports are currently filed electronically with the Ohio Secretary of State; however, some exemptions that were permitted under the current law will be eliminated, requiring more reports to be filed electronically. 

 

Some of the more significant changes to the law included provisions regarding contribution limits.  Individual contribution limits were increased from $2,500 to $10,000 to statewide and legislative political candidates, as well as to Political Action Committees, and $15,000 to legislative campaign funds, such as the Republican or Democratic Senate Campaign Committee.  Under current law, Political Action Committees (PACs) are limited to contributions of $5,000 to political candidates per year ($2,500 per election cycle -Primary/General).  HB 1 increases PAC limits to $10,000.  However, $5,000 PAC contributions currently permitted to be made to County Party Funds will now be prohibited.  Individuals may give to County Party Funds for the county in which that individual resides.  County Funds may not give to other counties’ parties.  Under current law, county operating account contributions are unlimited and do not have to be disclosed.

 

The Legislature addressed “527 groups” that have grown in prominence since the passage of the McCain-Feingold Act, the federal campaign finance reform law in 2002.  The 2004 Presidential election was the first time these purportedly non-partisan groups’ effect was felt in Ohio, as seen in the spending of millions of dollars to sway voters.  HB 1 requires contributions to go directly to the candidates in an effort to close the loophole of the federal law.

 

Furthermore, “Issue Advocacy Ads” paid for by corporations and unions would be banned 30 days before primary and general elections.  Such ads refer to candidates by name, or display their photos, but don’t directly call for their election or defeat. Third party-groups whose primary purpose is non-political would be allowed to run ads, but would be required to disclose all corporate and union contributions.

 

In perhaps the most controversial move, restrictions will be placed on the ability of unions to tap a portion of union dues to fund political activities.  Unions must now make donations through political action committees (PACs) or “separate segregated funds.”  The PAC contributions will require the disclosure of the union members making the donations.   No “dues money” may be transferred to union PACs, and in soliciting contributions to the PACs, unions are limited to their members, officers and employers.  Members must “affirmatively consent” to any automatic contribution to an union PAC – such as through payroll deductions- in writing.  The PACs will be required to disclose the name and address of each union member making a donation.  Corporate and non-profit PACs will be subject to similar contribution and disclosure requirements.  

 

There are many companies that are currently structured as an “unincorporated” business, such as Limited Liability Companies (“LLCs”), Limited Liability Partnerships (“LLPs”),  cooperatives, sole proprietorships or general partnerships.  When the new Campaign Finance law becomes effective in March there will be changes as to how these entities are permitted to make contributions.  Most notably, these businesses may no longer make a contribution “solely” in the name of their business.  LLPs, LLCs, general partnerships or other unincorporated businesses listed above will now have to be listed on candidate’s or committee’s report both the partnership or other unincorporated business and the name of the partner, owner, or member making the contribution.  

 

In addition, there are new provisions with regard to registering voters and collecting signatures for petitions, as well as the use of phone banks in campaign.  Any person receiving compensation for obtaining signatures for a election petition, under the new law, is required to file a statement of activity with the Secretary of State before obtaining signatures. If an individual is employed by someone other than the State to register voters, the individual must disclose on the voter registration form their own name and the name of the person or entity employing them to register voters.  Any group utilizing phone banks to make calls on behalf of their issue or candidate, must disclose who they are and who is funding the calls.

 

On February 28th, Public Policy Advocates LLC will host a Seminar on Campaign Finance Reform in Cleveland, Ohio.  If you would like more information on this seminar, please contact us at 614-223-9383.